《牛津实用英语语法》

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牛津实用英语语法- 第70部分


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—No,I’m staying at home.
—你假期出去吗?
—不,我呆在家里。
Please go away;I can’t work unless I am alone.
请你走开;有人在旁边我无法工作。
go back(intr) 回去,后退,撤退:
I’m never going back to that hotel.It is most unfortable.
我再也不回那家旅馆了。那儿太不舒服了。
go back on(tr) 收回或不履行(诺言):
He went back on his promise to tell nobody about this.
他答应这件事对谁也不讲,可是他食言了。
go down(intr)
(a) 得到赞同并被接受(常指一个主意、想法):
I suggested that she should look for a job but this suggestion did not godown at all well.
我建议她去找个工作,可是这个主意她根本听不进。
(b)减少,减弱(指风、浪、重量、价格等):
During her illness her weight went down from 50 kilos to 40.
在病中她体重由50公斤下降到40公斤。
The wind went down and the sea became quite calm.
风力减弱,海浪平息了。
go for(tr) 进攻,袭击:
The cat went for the dog and chased him out of the hall.
那猫向狗发起进攻,把它赶出了门厅。
go in for(tr)对……特别感兴趣,练习做某事或使用某物,参加(某项比赛等):
This restaurant goes in for vegetarian dishes.
这家饭馆供应素菜。
She plays a lot of golf and goes in for all the petitions.
她常打高尔夫球,参加所有的赛事。
go into(tr) 深入调查,研究,侦查:
‘We shall have to go into this very carefully,’said the detective.
“我们得非常仔细地对此进行侦查,”侦探说。
go off(intr)
(a) 爆炸(指军火或焰火),开火(指枪炮,尤指偶然走火):
As he was cleaning his gun it went off and killed him.
他擦枪时,枪走火了,把他打死了。
(b)获得成功(指一项社会或社交活动):
The party went off very well.
晚会开得很成功。(人人都玩得很高兴。)
(c)开始一次旅行,上路,离开:
He went off in a great hurry.
他非常匆忙地走了。
go on(intr)继续赶路:
Go on till you e to the orossroads.
一直走到十字路口的地方。
go on(intr),go on with(tr),go on+动名词 继续做某事:
Please go on playing;I like it.
请继续演奏下去;我喜欢这曲调。
Go on with the treatment.It is doing you good.
你要继续进行这种疗法。它对你是有效的。
go on+动词不定式 接着干(另一件事):
He began by describing the route and went on to tell us what the tripwould probably cost.
他开始是描述这条路线,后来又告诉我们这次旅行可能要花多少钱。
go out(intr)
(a) 出家门到外面去,外出:
She is always indoors;she doesn’t go out enough.
她老是窝在家里;她外出得不够。
(b) 参加社会交活动,出去进行文娱活动等:
She is very pretty and goes out a lot.
她长得很漂亮,常常到外头玩。
(c) 消逝,不再流行(指时装服饰):
Crinolines went out about the middle of the last century.
有衬架支撑的女裙在上世纪中叶已不流行了。
(d) 熄灭(指灯、火等):
The light went out and we were left in the dark.
灯光灭了,剩下我们摸黑呆着。
go over(tr) 仔细地检查,研究学习,重新诵记:
He went over the plans again and discovered two very serious mistakes.
他又把计划过了一遍,发现了两个非常严重的错误。
go round(intr)
(a) 足够供(一定数目的人)用:
Will there be enough wine to go round?
葡萄酒够大家喝的吗?
(b)到(某人)家去,过去:
I said that I’d go round and see her during the weekend.
我说过我要在周末过去看看她。(到她家里去)
go through(tr)仔细检查(常指多种东西;与look through意思相近,但具有更彻底的意思):
There is a mistake somewhere;we’ll have to go through the accounts andsee where it is.
不知哪儿有个错误;我们得再把帐目彻底过一下,看错在哪儿。
The police went through their files to see if they could find any finger-prints to match those that they had found on the handle of the weapon.
警方仔细检查了他们的档案,看是否能找到同在凶器柄上发现的指纹相符的指纹。
go through(tr)承受,受苦,受罪:
No one knows what I went through while I was waiting for the verdict.
没有人能知道我在静候判决时所承受的痛苦。
go through with(tr)完成,使进行至终结(尤指经历某种反对或困难):
He went through with his plan although all his friends advised him toabandon it.
尽管他的朋友们都建议他放弃,他还是把计划进行到底。
go up(intr)
(a) 上升(指物价):
The price of strawberries went up towards the end of the season.
草莓将要下市时,价格上涨了。
(b)起火(并被焚毁),爆炸(指整个的建筑物、船只等):
When the fire reached the cargo of chemicals the whole ship went up.
火焰延伸到运载的化学品时,全船都爆炸了。
Someone dropped a cigarette end into a can of petrol and the whole garagewent up in flames.
有人把烟头扔在一罐汽油里了,整个车库都陷于火海。
go without(tr)不要某物而将就着过日子(但只指物;gowithout a person只有字面的意义,即意指“不等某人来到就动身离去”)
grow
grow out of(tr)长大了一些后不再继续保持幼时的(坏)习惯:
He used to tell a lot of lies as a young boy but he grew out of that lateron.
他还是个小男孩时,常常说谎,可是后来大了就不那样了。
grow up(intr) 成为成年人,长大成人:
I’m going to be a pop star when I grow up,’said the boy.
“我长大了要当流行歌星,”那男孩子说。
hand
hand down(tr)授予或传下去(指传统/信息/所有物等):
This legend has been handed down from father to son.
这一传说代代相传。
hand in(tr)上交,交出(给什么人常不必提及,因为听话人已经知道了):
I handed in my resignation.
我把辞职书交上去了。
Someone handed this parcel in yesterday.(handed it in)
昨天有人把这小包交来了。
hand out(tr)分发:
He was standing at the door of the theatre handing out leaflets.(handingleaflets out/handing them out)
他站在剧院门口,分发小册子。
hand over(tr/intr)将权力或职责交给某人,移交:
The outgoing Minister handed over his department to his successor.(handed his department over/handed it over)
即将离任的部长把他的部门移交给了后任。
hand round(tr)给在场的每一个人,给在场的大家轮流看:
The hostess handed round coffee and cakes.(handed them round).
女主人给大家依次递来咖啡和点心。
hang
hang about/around(tr/intr)(在附近)逗留不去:
He hung about/around the entrance all day,hoping for a chance to speakto the director.
他整天等在入口,巴望着有机会同导演/主任谈一下。
hang back(intr)不愿采取行动,退缩:
Everyone approved of the scheme but when we asked for volunteers theyall hung back.
人人都赞同这个计划,但是我们征求志愿者时,他们都退缩了。
hang on to(tr)抓住不放,不肯交出,不放手(俗语化的用法):
I’d hang on to that old coat if I were you.It might be useful.
如果我是你,我就不放手那件旧外衣。它可能还用得着。
hold
hold off(intr)保持在一段距离之外,不来到(指雨):
The rain fortunately held off till after the school sports day.
幸亏雨直到学校运动会开过了才下。
hold on(intr) 等待(特指打电话时):
Yes,Mr Pitt is in.If you hold on for a moment I’ll get him for you.
对,皮特先生在。请您等一会儿,我给您找他听电话。
hold on/out(intr)(不顾艰苦或危险而)坚持,坚持忍受下去:
The survivors on the rock signalled that they were short of water butcould hold out for another day.
岩石上的幸存者发信号说他们缺水了,但还能坚持一天。
The strikers held out for six weeks before agreeing to arbitration.
罢工工人坚持了六周,才同意接受仲裁。
hold up(tr)
(a) 以威胁或暴力使人停止向前走(时常由于想抢劫):
The terrorists held up the train and kept the passengers as hostages.
恐怖分子强行制止火车前进,并把乘客劫为人质。
Masked men held up the cashier and robbed the bank.(held him up)
有几个蒙面人用武器迫使出纳员就范,把银行给抢了。
(b)使停止,使延迟(常用于被动语态):
The bus was held up because a tree had fallen across the road.
因为有一棵大树横倒在路上,公共汽车停下了。
join
join up(intr)参军,应征从军:
When war was declared he joined up at once.
一宣战,他马上参军。
jump
jump at(tr)热情地接受(一种建议或一次机遇):
He was offered a place in the Himalayan expedition and jumped at thechance.
人家向他提议让他参加喜马拉雅山考察队,他求之不得地接受了。
keep
keep somebody back(宾语在back前面)阻挡,拦阻,制止其前进:
Frequent illnesses kept him back.
经常生病使他进展迟缓。
keep down(tr)压抑,控制:
What is the best way to keep down rats?(keep them down)
控制鼠患的最佳方法是什么?
Try to remember to turn off the light when you leave the room.I am try-ing to keep down expenses.(keep expenses down)
你离开时,要记得熄灯。我在努力控制支出。
keep off(tr/intr)避免在……上践踏,避免来到近旁:
‘Keep off the grass.’
“禁止践踏草地!”(公园里的布告)
keep on 继续,不停歇:
I wanted to explain but he kept on talking and didn’t give me a chance tosay anything.
我本想解释一下,可是他不住嘴地说,不给我说话的机会。
keep out(tr)阻止进入,挡住:
My shoes are very old and don’t keep out the water.(keep the water out/ keep it out)
我的鞋很旧,漏水进去了。
keep out(intr)不许进来,留在外面:
‘Private.Keep out.’
“私人产业。不许进入。”(门上的告白)
keep up(tr)继续保持(努力):
He began walking at four miles an hour but he couldn’t keep up thatspeed and soon began to walk more slowly.(couldn’t keep it up)
他开始以每小时四英里的速度走路,但是无法维持那个速度,不久之后就放慢了脚步。
It is difficult to keep up a conversation with someone who only says‘Yes’and‘No’.
与光说“对”和“不对”的人很难把谈话继续下去。
keep up(intr),keep up with(tr)与某人齐头并进,和某人同速前进:
A runner can’t keep up with a cyclist.
跑步的跟不上骑车的。
The work that the class is doing is too difficult for me.I won’t be able tokeep up(with them).
班上学的东西对我讲是太难了。我跟不上(他们)。
It is impossible to keep up with the news unless you read the newspapers.
你要是不读报,就跟不上时事。
knock
knock off(tr/intr)(一天的活干完之后)歇了,收工,下班(俗语):
English workmen usually knock off at 5。30 or6。00 p.m.
英国工人一般在下午5点半或6点下班。
We knock off work in time for tea.
我们收工后,正好能赶上喝下午茶。
knock out(tr)重击使之晕倒在地:
In the finals of the boxing championship he knocked out his opponent,who was carried out of the ring.(knocked his opponent out/knocked himout)
在拳击锦标赛决赛中,他把对手击昏在地,后者被人抬出了拳击台。
lay
lay in(tr)为自己准备足够的货品等以使其维持一段时间,储备(食物):
She expected a shortage of dried fruit so she laid in a large supply.
她预期果脯会有短缺,所以囤积了一大批。
lay out(tr)为花园、建筑等安排平面设计:
Le Notre laid out the gardens at Versailles.(laid the gardens out/laidthem out)
凡尔赛宫的园林是勒·诺特尔设计的。
lay up(tr)小心地存储以备将来用(指船只等):
Before he went to Brazil for a year,he la

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